{"id":71,"date":"2025-05-01T15:02:16","date_gmt":"2025-05-01T12:02:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/2025\/05\/01\/bir-sanat-znesi-olarak-kolaj-nbsp\/"},"modified":"2026-09-10T21:27:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T18:27:03","slug":"bir-sanat-znesi-olarak-kolaj-nbsp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/bir-sanat-znesi-olarak-kolaj-nbsp\/","title":{"rendered":"Bir Sanat \u00d6znesi Olarak \u201cKolaj\u201d "},"content":{"rendered":"
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Son on senede yo\u011funlukla u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir di\u015fiplin olan kolaj tekni\u011finden, \u00f6nc\u00fcllerinden, tarihinden ve beni en \u00e7ok etkileyen iki sanat\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok k\u0131saca bahsetmek isterim, \u00f6nce ufak bir kolaj tarihi bilgisi ile giri\u015f yapmak gerekirse kolaj, plastik sanatlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olan ve farkl\u0131 malzemelerin bir araya getirilerek olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu bir teknik olarak bilinir. Kelime k\u00f6keni Frans\u0131zca “coller<\/strong>” (yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak) fiilinden t\u00fcremi\u015ftir ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r kullan\u0131lan bir ifade bi\u00e7imi olmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n

Kolaj\u0131n k\u00f6kenleri<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Kolaj tekni\u011finin k\u00f6kenleri, ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n icad\u0131yla birlikte \u00c7in’e kadar uzan\u0131r. 10. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Japon hattatlar\u0131n\u0131n eserlerinde de benzer tekniklerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Orta \u00c7a\u011f’da dini resimlerde farkl\u0131 malzemelerin eklenmesiyle kolaj benzeri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da, bu teknik o d\u00f6nemde hen\u00fcz ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir sanat formu olarak kabul edilmemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Robert Rauschenberg – Black Market 1961<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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\u201c\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f anlamda kolaj\u0131n k\u00f6kenleri\u201d<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Kolaj\u0131n sanat d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir teknik olarak kabul edilmesi 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na rastlar. K\u00fcbizm ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden Pablo Picasso ve Georges Braque, kolaj\u0131 sanat eserlerine dahil eden ilk isimler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle K\u00fcbist sanat\u00e7\u0131lar, gazete par\u00e7alar\u0131, kuma\u015flar ve farkl\u0131 dokular kullanarak eserlerine yeni bir form kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Kolaj\u0131n Geli\u015fimi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kolaj, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca farkl\u0131 sanat ak\u0131mlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan benimsenmi\u015ftir. Dadaizm ve S\u00fcrrealizm gibi ak\u0131mlar, kolaj\u0131n sundu\u011fu \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve deneysel yap\u0131y\u0131 benimseyerek bu tekni\u011fi eserlerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Henri Matisse, 1940’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda kolaj\u0131 kendi resim \u00fcretimine yard\u0131mc\u0131 bir unsur olarak dahil etmi\u015f ve bu teknikle \u00f6nemli eserler \u00fcretmi\u015ftir. Matisse\u2019in “Jazz Serisi<\/strong>” ve “Y\u00fczme Havuzu<\/strong>” gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, kolaj\u0131n modern sanat i\u00e7indeki yerini sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  Bana kal\u0131rsa ger\u00e7ek anlamda kolaj\u0131 ba\u015flatan \u201cdekoratif bir unsur olmaktan ar\u0131nd\u0131ran<\/strong>\u201d \u00f6zellikle dadac\u0131lardan Kurt Schwitters\u2019\u0131n \u201cMerz<\/strong>\u201d ak\u0131m\u0131 ve kendi ard\u0131llar\u0131ndan asamblajlar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fc Robert Rauschenberg\u2019i anmak gerekir.       <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Kurt Schwitters – Merzbau (1933) Photo Wilhelm Redemann<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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Schwitters 1910\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda ilk kolajlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcreterek, sanat\u0131n geleneksel normlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kan Merz<\/strong> ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi. Merz, g\u00fcndelik nesneleri, at\u0131klar\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 materyalleri bir araya getiren bir kolaj <\/strong>and asamblaj<\/strong> tekni\u011fidir. Tramvay biletleri, kuma\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131, tahta k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 gibi malzemeleri kullanarak \u00fcretti\u011fi eserler d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde i\u015flerdi, \u00f6zellike sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u201cmerzbau<\/strong>\u201dsu kendi sanat\u0131n\u0131n zirvesi olarak kabul edilir.      <\/p>\n

Robert Rauschenberg\u2019e gelecek olursak “Combine Paintings<\/strong>” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, resim ve heykelin birle\u015fti\u011fi, d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in yenilik\u00e7i eserlerdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, “Monogram<\/strong>” adl\u0131 eserinde bir doldurulmu\u015f ke\u00e7iyi boya ve nesnelerle birle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir, benim favori sanat eserleirmden de olan Rauschenberg\u2019in en sevdi\u011fim i\u015fi \u201cBlack Market<\/strong>\u201d da yine benzer teknikle \u00fcretilmi\u015f bir asamblajd\u0131r. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Kurt Schwitters \u2013 Merz Blauer Vogel (Blue Bird) (1922)<\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Son on senede yo\u011funlukla u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir di\u015fiplin olan kolaj tekni\u011finden, \u00f6nc\u00fcllerinden, tarihinden ve beni en \u00e7ok etkileyen iki sanat\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok k\u0131saca bahsetmek isterim, \u00f6nce ufak bir kolaj tarihi bilgisi ile giri\u015f yapmak gerekirse kolaj, plastik sanatlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olan ve farkl\u0131 malzemelerin bir araya getirilerek olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu bir teknik olarak bilinir. Kelime k\u00f6keni […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":283014123,"featured_media":463,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1376,1381],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gorsel-sanatlar","category-kuram-deneme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/283014123"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":466,"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71\/revisions\/466"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/463"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unite-mag.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}